Cernarus

Aggregate Weight Calculator

This calculator estimates the mass and tonnage of construction aggregates (such as crushed stone, gravel, and sand) based on either a measured volume or on plan dimensions (length × width × depth). It helps bridge the gap between how materials are measured in the field (volumes and dimensions) and how they are specified, ordered, and paid for (tonnes, short tons, pounds).

Default density values are a starting point; for procurement, billing, or specification compliance, you should use representative bulk density and moisture data from laboratory testing or project documentation. The calculator supports SI-centric practice (cubic metres, kilograms) and converts to common industry tonnage units.

Updated Nov 1, 2025

Methodology

Choose a method: either supply a measured volume and its unit, or provide length, width and depth (all in metres) to compute volume. In both cases, you then specify bulk density (kg/m³), moisture content, and a compaction/swell factor to estimate total mass.

Convert the provided volume to cubic metres. Optionally adjust for compaction or swell using the compaction factor if you are reconciling loose delivered volumes with compacted in-place volumes.

Multiply volume (m³) by density (kg/m³). Apply moisture as a percentage by mass (for example, 5% moisture increases effective density by a factor of 1.05). The result is expressed in kilograms, metric tonnes, short tons (US), and pounds.

Expert Q&A

Where should I get the density value for my aggregate?

Use laboratory test results (specific gravity and bulk density) whenever they are available; these values are the most representative of your material and project conditions. If you do not have lab results, consult project specifications, standard material tables from public works agencies, or reputable handbooks for typical ranges for your aggregate type (for example, dense graded crushed stone, open graded base, or natural gravel).

How does moisture affect the estimate?

Moisture increases the apparent density by adding water mass to the aggregate. This calculator models moisture as a percentage by mass: the dry bulk density is multiplied by (1 + moisture_percent / 100). For example, a material with a dry density of 1,800 kg/m³ at 5 percent moisture is treated as 1,890 kg/m³. For best results, base moisture content on recent field or laboratory measurements and update it when conditions change.

What is a compaction factor and when should I change it?

Compaction and swell factors describe how the in-place volume of aggregate compares to its loose or delivered volume. Use project-specific compaction factors from specifications or test results whenever possible. As a rule of thumb, a factor around 1.0 means compacted in-place volume is similar to delivered loose volume, values greater than 1 indicate swell (loose volume is larger than compacted volume), and values less than 1 indicate consolidation or shrinkage.

How accurate are the unit conversions and formulas?

Unit conversions follow SI-consistent constants, such as 1 cubic yard ≈ 0.764554858 m³, 1 short ton ≈ 907.18474 kg, and 1 pound ≈ 0.45359237 kg. The underlying formulas are standard mass–volume–density relationships widely used in engineering practice. For routine design and estimating work, this level of precision is typically sufficient. If you are working on high-sensitivity applications or dispute resolution, consult national metrology guidance and applicable standards for more detailed guidance.

How should I handle tolerances for procurement or acceptance?

Specify acceptance tolerances and test frequency in your contract documents, including how density, moisture, and volume are to be measured. This calculator can support estimating and cross-checking contractor quantities, but it does not replace project specifications, weighbridge records, or laboratory control. For payment and acceptance, follow the measurement and payment clauses in your contract and any referenced standards from agencies or professional bodies.

Can I use this for materials other than aggregates?

Yes, provided you have a representative density in kg/m³ and understand how the material behaves in the field. Concrete, lean mixes, and some compacted soils can be approximated similarly if you have reliable density and moisture data. However, lightweight aggregates, highly compressible fills, or materials with large void ratios may require project-specific testing and engineering judgment. When in doubt, consult a materials or geotechnical engineer before relying on the results for design or payment.

What measurement best practices improve confidence?

Use calibrated tools for length and depth measurements (tapes, laser rangefinders, or survey instruments), verify density and moisture through qualified laboratories or field tests, and document all assumptions and data sources. For significant volumes or high-value projects, cross-check computed masses against truck scales or weighbridge records and use statistical summaries to understand variability. Good documentation and traceability support both quality control and auditing requirements.

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